GLOBAL TERRORISM WARNING
You should be aware of the risk
of indiscriminate terrorist attacks in
public places anywhere in the world. Be
vigilant, and take sensible precautions.
Despite the abundance of dolphins and whales in
Addu atoll waters, the study of cetaceans there
is in its infancy. Of 24-27 species that are
likely to occur, 19 have been positively
recorded to date. So there is still the chance
of spotting something new! Of course, nothing
can be guaranteed with wild animals, but you
have an excellent chance of seeing: Spinner
dolphin Stenella longirostris Bottlenose dolphin
Tursiops truncatus Risso’s dolphin Grampus
griseus Spotted dolphin Stenella attenuata
Shortfin pilot whale Globicephala macrorhynchus
You
have a reasonable chance of seeing: Blue whale
Balaenoptera musculus Bryde’s whale Balaenoptera
edeni Sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus Dwarf
sperm whale Kogia simus Cuvier’s beaked whale
Ziphius cavirostris Striped dolphin Stenella
coeruleoalba Fraser’s dolphin Lagenodelphis
hosei
And with luck you could see: Pygmy killer whale
Feresa attenuata Melon headed whale
Peponocephala electra False killer whale
Pseudorca crassidens Killer whale Orcinus orca
Dense-beaked whale Mesoplodon densirostris
Rough-toothed dolphin Steno bredanensis.
There will be some opportunities for snorkelling
(and diving for qualified divers) on the coral
reefs. The most spectacular feature of these
reefs is the abundant fish life. Over 347
species of fish have been recorded from the Addu
atoll. You will be able to see over 130 species
while snorkelling. Flying fish are abundant and will be spotted
regularly as we travel outside the atolls. If we
are lucky we may see manta rays and whale
sharks. Five species of turtle are known from
the Addu atoll, and you have a chance of seeing
three: green and hawksbill turtles in the
atolls, and olive Ridleys out at sea.
Coral
bleaching refers to a process in which corals
expel the algal cells (zooxanthellae) that
normally live within their tissue. These algae
give corals their characteristic brownish colour
and once they have been expelled, the white
skeleton shows through a coral’s transparent
tissue, giving it a bleached white appearance.
Bleached coral looks very similar to coral that
has recently died, but can be distinguished (on
close inspection) by the presence of small
polyps and tentacles on the coral surface.
Coral bleaching can be caused by stressful
environmental conditions such as extreme
temperature, low salinity, extreme light and
various toxins. However, large scale bleaching
episodes are usually associated with unusually
high sea temperatures. This relationship has led
to the suggestions that coral reefs are showing
early signs of stress due to global warming
caused by green house gas emissions.
Bleached
corals are still alive and can recover fully if
the stressful conditions are not too severe or
prolonged. However massive coral mortality is a
feature of many severe bleaching episodes. The
events of 1982/83 and 1998 in particular
resulted in wide spread mortality of some coral
in some areas. Following milder bleaching
events, most coral recover their health, but
this may take several months, and can result in
lower growth and abnormal reproduction for some
time after normal colour has returned.
If you have any information on bleaching
events, please mail us. We also welcome any
documents or
photographs on coral bleaching.
Percentage of
live coral cover in the area is 50-60% and
Percentage of live coral that is bleached is
10%. Live coral cover is extremely high
compared to other sites, atolls. Reported
cold water currents/circulation around this
time (according to the dive school
instructor). The extent of bleaching is not
as severe as that of 1998, at the same time
it is noteworthy that this is of significant
event since 1998. April/may has always been
the hottest months here in Maldives but this
bleaching was seen as a delayed response to
temperature peak here.
Mortality Notes
Few recently
dead (Acroporids and favids-Echinopora
lamellose) Partial mortality of most coral,
small colonies completely bleached, very few
recently dead (white and algal covered).
Coral community appear to be recovering,
mortality insignificant.